What You Should Know About Periodontal Disease

It's important to brush your teeth for two minutes twice a day, as well as floss between them at least once a day. Practicing these positive oral health habits can prevent the buildup of plaque between your teeth, which can cause periodontal disease, or gum disease.

An estimated 65 million Americans have periodontitis, the advanced form of gum disease, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Gum disease cant loosen your teeth and even lead to tooth loss.

What is Gum Disease?

Gum disease is a chronic bacterial infection that affects the gums and bone supporting your teeth. It develops when plaque accumulates along your gumline, causing your gums to become inflamed. Healthy gums appear coral pink and firm and form a sharp point where they meet your tooth. The early stage of gum disease is called gingivitis. In this stage, the gums redden, swell and bleed easily, however, there is usually little to no discomfort with gingivitis.

What Causes Gum Disease?

Plaque buildup is the primary cause of gum disease. If plaque isn't removed each day by brushing and flossing, it hardens. The hard plaque, known as tartar, contains bacteria that can irritate gums and break down the fibers that hold the gums tightly to the teeth, creating periodontal pockets that fill with bacteria. This can lead to severe infection, pain and swelling. Your tooth or teeth also may loosen and require removal. Other factors linked to gum disease include smoking and tobacco use, pregnancy, stress clenching or grinding of teeth, an unhealthy diet, diabetes and genetic factors.